Researching: Pyrolysis vs Gasification in Biochar Production

In 2026, AgroNet ZERO partnered with Purdue University through the Applied Research Institute (ARI) to explore how poultry manure can be transformed into high-value soil solutions.

Our project focuses on one of the most abundant agricultural waste streams:

Poultry manure

Using advanced thermal processing methods—pyrolysis and gasification—we are evaluating how different production pathways influence the performance of biochar as a soil amendment and potential fertilizer replacement.

What We Did

During this phase of the project, we focused on building the scientific and practical foundation for biochar validation. Specifically, we:

• Reviewed existing research on poultry-manure biochar produced through pyrolysis and gasification

• Analyzed how production conditions (temperature, processing method) impact nutrient content and stability

• Defined key variables such as feedstock type (pullet, layer, composted manure) and processing parameters

• Developed an experimental design framework aligned with real-world production conditions at Minnich Eggs

• Established target performance metrics related to nutrient availability, pH, and fertilizer-replacement potential

What We Learned

• Poultry manure can produce nutrient-rich biochar, particularly high in phosphorus and with strong liming potential

• Production method matters: pyrolysis and gasification create different nutrient profiles and material characteristics

• Feedstock variability (e.g., manure type and moisture) significantly influences final biochar properties

• Biochar performance depends on a combination of:

  • Production conditions

  • Feedstock composition

  • Chemical and physical characteristics

• Designing effective biochar products requires aligning how it’s made with how it will be used in the field

Why It Matters

This research is a critical step toward a future where:

• Agricultural waste streams are transformed into valuable, scalable soil inputs

• Farmers can reduce reliance on synthetic fertilizers through targeted nutrient solutions

• Biochar products are designed and produced with specific agronomic outcomes in mind

Ultimately, this work supports AgroNet ZERO’s mission to build a decision-driven marketplace for regenerative inputs, where science, data, and real-world application come together to help farmers apply the right inputs, in the right place, for the right outcome.